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Author SHA1 Message Date
Daniel Winzen
c05367fccf Add cluster article 2024-04-01 18:38:44 +02:00
Daniel Winzen
782806310c Merge branch 'main' of git.danwin1210.de:danwin1210/main-website 2024-02-22 13:17:42 +01:00
Daniel Winzen
54dc5d22b6 Add blog post about email service learnings 2024-01-25 18:20:42 +01:00
6 changed files with 499 additions and 21 deletions
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blog/cluster/index.php Normal file
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<?php
require_once('../../common.php');
global $language, $dir, $locale;
?>
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="<?php echo $language; ?>" dir="<?php echo $dir; ?>"><head>
<title><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Cluster setup')); ?></title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<meta name="author" content="Daniel Winzen">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<meta name="description" content="<?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Seting up a linux server cluster using Ceph and MariaDB Galera')); ?>">
<link rel="canonical" href="https://danwin1210.de/blog/cluster/">
<link rel="alternate" href="https://danwin1210.de/blog/cluster/" hreflang="x-default">
<?php alt_links(); ?>
<meta property="og:type" content="article">
<meta property="article:published_time" content="2024-04-01">
<meta property="article:modified_time" content="2024-04-01">
<meta property="article:tag" content="Ceph">
<meta property="article:tag" content="network">
<meta property="article:tag" content="storage">
<meta property="article:section" content="Technology">
<meta property="og:title" content="<?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Cluster setup')); ?>">
<meta property="og:description" content="<?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Seting up a linux server cluster using Ceph and MariaDB Galera')); ?>">
<meta property="og:image" content="https://danwin1210.de/assets/daniel.jpg">
<meta property="og:image:type" content="image/jpeg">
<meta property="og:image:height" content="1000">
<meta property="og:image:width" content="1000">
<meta property="og:image:alt" content="<?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('An avatar representing Daniel Winzen')); ?>">
<meta property="og:url" content="https://danwin1210.de/blog/cluster/">
<meta property="og:locale" content="<?php echo $locale; ?>">
<meta property="og:site_name" content="<?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Daniel')); ?>">
<script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"<?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Cluster setup')); ?>", "datePublished": "2024-04-01", "author":{"@type":"Person", "image": "/assets/daniel.jpg", "name": "Daniel Winzen", "email": "daniel@danwin1210.de", "telephone": "+4917698819809", "url": "https://danwin1210.de"}}</script>
</head><body>
<?php menu(_('Cluster setup')); ?>
<p><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('A cluster is a group of servers and other resources that act as a single system. Utilizing a cluster can increase data reliability, availability, and scalability. In this article, we will focus on Ceph, a distributed object storage and file system, and MariaDB Galera, a multi-master database solution, to achieve high availability and performance. This cluster setup is the basis for the website that you are currently reading.')); ?></p>
<h2><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Prerequisites')); ?></h2>
<p><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('You will need a minimum of 3 servers set up running on a Linux OS. Having less than 3 servers is not recommended as it can break the cluster and could lead to split-brain issues.')); ?></p>
<h2><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Ceph')); ?></h2>
<p><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Ceph is a highly scalable, fault-tolerant, and highly available storage system.')); ?></p>
<h3><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('How Ceph works')); ?></h3>
<p><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('A Ceph Storage Cluster is based on several types of daemons:')); ?></p>
<ul>
<li><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Ceph OSD (Object Storage Daemon): These are the heart of Ceph because they handle data storage, data replication, recovery, rebalancing, and provide some monitoring statistics to Ceph monitors.')); ?></li>
<li><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Ceph MON (Monitor): They maintain the master copy of the cluster map. A cluster usually has an odd number of monitors running (e.g., 3, 5, 7).')); ?></li>
<li><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Ceph MDS (Metadata Server): These servers are optional and store metadata for the Ceph File System (not block devices or objects).')); ?></li>
<li><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Ceph MGR (Manager): This daemon is responsible for keeping track of runtime metrics, managing the cluster\'s state, and providing additional interfaces to external monitoring and management systems.')); ?></li>
</ul>
<p><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('All these daemons are installed on multiple servers and interact with each other to form the cluster.')); ?></p>
<h3><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Use Cases of Ceph')); ?></h3>
<p><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Ceph is commonly used in clouds of all sizes and types due to its versatility, massive scalability, and robust data protection.')); ?></p>
<ul>
<li><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Object Storage: Ceph provides features such as replication and erasure coding, tiering, and the ability to set up watch/notify and object-level key-value mappings.')); ?></li>
<li><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Block Storage: Ceph\'s RADOS Block Device (RBD) supports snapshots, and replication, and can significantly improve read performance by utilizing the cache of the client and the Ceph OSD.')); ?></li>
<li><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('File System: Ceph\'s file system (CephFS) ensures highly available and reliable storage, where all data gets written and read in/from the object store.')); ?></li>
</ul>
<h3><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Performance optimizations')); ?></h3>
<p><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('The following optimizations resulted in 10 times faster read times of data stored on my cluster, which contains mostly websites and emails.')); ?></p>
<h4><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Tuning encrypted OSDs on SSDs')); ?></h5>
<p><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('SSDs are typically faster than HDDs and have much lower latency. For historical reasons, the Linux kernel uses work queues in dm-crypt, which offloads encryption and disk read/write work to different threads in the kernel. This makes sense for slower HDDs, but for SSDs, it can harm performance due to the overhead of context switches.')); ?></p>
<p><?php printf(htmlspecialchars(_('To disable this behaviour, we first have to find the relevant device with the command %1$s. If you have an OSD running, the underlying device will show up in the list printed by dmsetup. To get only the relevant UUID of the ceph device, we can use %2$s. Now as a final step we can set persistent options for the device using %3$s.')), '<code>dmsetup ls --tree</code>', "<code>dmsetup ls | grep ceph | sed 's/.*osd--block--//' | sed 's/--/-/g' | awk '{print $1;}'</code>", '<code>cryptsetup --perf-no_read_workqueue --perf-no_write_workqueue --persistent refresh {$PARENT_DEVICE} -d <(ceph tell mon config-key get dm-crypt/osd/{$DEVICE_UUID}/luks)</code>'); ?></p>
<h4><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Tuning CephFS for many files in one directory')); ?></h5>
<p><?php printf(htmlspecialchars(_('CephFS performance suffers when many files are stored in the same directory, just like with every file system. Using the option %1$s it is however possible to split directory indexes in multiple parts to increase performance when operating in directories with many files. I have set this down to a value of %2$s.')), '<code>mds_bal_split_size</code>', '<code>5000</code>'); ?></p>
<h2><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('MariaDB Galera Cluster')); ?></h2>
<p><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('MariaDB Galera Cluster is an open-source database system focusing on high availability, failing over between servers seamlessly, and ensuring data consistency between those servers. It is a multi-master cluster that uses synchronous replication.')); ?></p>
<h3><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('How Galera Works')); ?></h3>
<p><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('In a Galera Cluster, every database instance (or "node") is a master, meaning data can be written or read from any node, with changes automatically replicated across all nodes. Using synchronous replication MariaDB Galera Cluster ensures all nodes have the same data simultaneously.')); ?></p>
<h3><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Use Cases for MariaDB Galera Cluster')); ?></h3>
<p><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('MariaDB Galera Cluster is best suited for applications where data availability, consistency, and durability are critical across multiple nodes, such as when deploying a web application with multiple database servers to scale up a busy service, or when deploying a high-availability database with multiple nodes.')); ?></p>
<h2><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Hire an expert')); ?></h2>
<p><?php printf(htmlspecialchars(_('If you\'re considering implementing this for your business, don\'t hesitate to seek help from an expert. Please %s for assistance and consultation with your implementation.')), '<a href="/contact.php">'.htmlspecialchars(_('contact me')).'</a>'); ?></p>
</main>
</body></html>

44
blog/email-service-learnings/index.php Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
<?php
require_once('../../common.php');
global $language, $dir, $locale;
?>
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="<?php echo $language; ?>" dir="<?php echo $dir; ?>"><head>
<title><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Learnings from running an email service')); ?></title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<meta name="author" content="Daniel Winzen">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<meta name="description" content="<?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('My learnings from running a free, anonymous email servcie and what to expect when you run a service like mine')); ?>">
<link rel="canonical" href="https://danwin1210.de/blog/email-service-learnings/">
<link rel="alternate" href="https://danwin1210.de/blog/email-service-learnings/" hreflang="x-default">
<?php alt_links(); ?>
<meta property="og:type" content="article">
<meta property="og:title" content="<?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Learnings from running an email service')); ?>">
<meta property="og:description" content="<?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('My learnings from running a free, anonymous email servcie and what to expect when you run a service like mine')); ?>">
<meta property="og:image" content="https://danwin1210.de/assets/daniel.jpg">
<meta property="og:image:type" content="image/jpeg">
<meta property="og:image:height" content="1000">
<meta property="og:image:width" content="1000">
<meta property="og:image:alt" content="<?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('An avatar representing Daniel Winzen')); ?>">
<meta property="og:url" content="https://danwin1210.de/blog/email-service-learnings/">
<meta property="og:locale" content="<?php echo $locale; ?>">
<meta property="og:site_name" content="<?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Daniel')); ?>">
<script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"<?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Learnings from running an email service')); ?>", "author":{"@type":"Person", "image": "/assets/daniel.jpg", "name": "Daniel Winzen", "email": "daniel@danwin1210.de", "telephone": "+4917698819809", "url": "https://danwin1210.de"}}</script>
</head><body>
<?php menu(_('Learnings from running an email service')); ?>
<p><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Running a public email service can be challenging and frustrating at times. Nonetheless, I learned a lot from offering a free email service for the past few years. Here are some of the challenges I had to face and what I learned from them:')); ?></p>
<h2><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Spam and countermeasures')); ?></h2>
<p><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Spam is one of the most common issues when dealing with email. Making an email service completely spam-free is almost impossible. While many spam filters can filter out the majority of spam we receive daily, they aren\'t perfect either. The worst kind of spam is the outgoing kind because it will damage the reputation of the service and can have a significant long-term impact. Thus I have taken many steps to reduce the amount of spam my service will send out by using rate limiting, spam filters, blacklisting of specific addresses and manually shutting down sending for a couple of hours whenever a spam wave starts.')); ?></p>
<h2><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Reputational damages')); ?></h2>
<p><?php printf(htmlspecialchars(_('No matter how much you invest in anti-spam measures, at some point, there will be spam going out. Just five spam emails a day could be enough to get your service blacklisted if there aren\'t enough good emails to make up for them. For example, %s considers 0.1%% of spam already too much. At a rate of 0.3%%, you can say goodbye to reaching inboxes since all your emails will get marked as spam. Once your service reputation goes down, it can take several months to recover.')), '<a href="https://support.google.com/a/answer/81126?sjid=5222533572318461356-EU&visit_id=638417784910430941-259877275&rd=1#spam-rate" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Google</a>'); ?></p>
<h2><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Hate and death threads')); ?></h2>
<p><?php printf(htmlspecialchars(_('Unlike some big providers, I never asked for personal details such as phone numbers or payment details, and it\'s also possible to use my service from a Tor hidden service. Unfortunately, this anonymity also attracts some people who are going to abuse the email service to send hate and death threads. This trend has been on the rise for the past few years, and there were times when I had to deal with such threats and their aftermath almost every month. That includes talking to scared victims, giving statements to the police and disabling abusive accounts. One of the cases I had to deal with was about violent death threads sent to %s and her employees. There were several similar cases, which didn\'t go public. Although it is unlikely that any of these threats would have been carried out, they can still have devastating and traumatic effects on the people who receive them.')), '<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lisa-Maria_Kellermayr" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Lisa-Maria Kellermayr</a>'); ?></p>
<h2><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Law enforcement visits')); ?></h2>
<p><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Internet crimes may be hard to combat, but law enforcement is trying to track down these kinds of crimes as well. That means whenever someone reports an incident to the police, they will investigate and reach out to the email provider to ask for information. While I don\'t have much data at hand, given that my service is anonymous, I still get contacted by law enforcement regularly, which includes being woken up in the middle of the night to answer some questions, or having my home searched.')); ?></p>
<h2><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Time consuming tasks')); ?></h2>
<p><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Time is one of the most valuable assets. We all have a limited quantity of it. You can\'t get back time you\'ve spent on something less enjoyable. While I understand that many people prefer wasting their time in front of the TV, instead of doing something productive with their life, I am building my own business and often have a busy schedule. That is why I no longer want to spend so much time running this public email service. It can ruin my entire day planning when I have to spend some hours dealing with spam before I can send an urgent email myself. In mid 2023 some very persistent spammers started abusing my service. I\'ve spent countless hours deleting accounts, and disabled registration for several months, but still couldn\'t find a solution to this problem. It\'s now 2024 and I still see an abnormal rate of abuse. Cleaning up after a spam wave can take hours and means halting outgoing mail for several hours until I have time to deal with it.')); ?></p>
<h2><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Closing registration for good')); ?></h2>
<p><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('While I strongly believe in freedom of speech and want to continue offering the email service, it has become too much of a burden to keep this service clean. I\'m not earning money from it, and it\'s not worth continuing with the amount of abuse that I have seen in recent months. I\'ve closed registration temporarily several times in the past few months, but now I will close it for good. Existing accounts will continue working, and I do not intend to shut down this service. I use this email service myself and depend on it. That is why I also need to take these steps since I am potentially losing clients whenever my emails land in spam because someone else ruined my email service reputation (again).')); ?></p>
<h2><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Making use of my experience')); ?></h2>
<p><?php printf(htmlspecialchars(_('With many years of experience running email services, I can also help you fix any problems you might encounter with your email service, such as restoring your sending reputation, authentication issues with DKIM, SPF and DMARC, or email security issues. If you are interested, you can %s. ')), '<a href="/contact.php">'.htmlspecialchars(_('hire me')).'</a>'); ?></p>
</main>
</body></html>

2
blog/index.php
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@ -28,6 +28,8 @@ global $language, $dir, $locale;
<p><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Blog posts and news related to my services will be posted here.')); ?></p> <p><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Blog posts and news related to my services will be posted here.')); ?></p>
<div class="table"> <div class="table">
<div class="headerrow"><div class="cell"><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Date')); ?></div><div class="cell"><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Title')); ?></div></div> <div class="headerrow"><div class="cell"><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Date')); ?></div><div class="cell"><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Title')); ?></div></div>
<div class="row"><div class="cell"><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('April 2024')); ?></div><div class="cell"><a href="/blog/cluster/"><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Cluster setup')); ?></a></div></div>
<div class="row"><div class="cell"><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('January 2024')); ?></div><div class="cell"><a href="/blog/email-service-learnings/"><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Learnings from running an email service')); ?></a></div></div>
<div class="row"><div class="cell"><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('December 2023')); ?></div><div class="cell"><a href="/blog/vpn/"><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Securing your communication with a VPN')); ?></a></div></div> <div class="row"><div class="cell"><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('December 2023')); ?></div><div class="cell"><a href="/blog/vpn/"><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Securing your communication with a VPN')); ?></a></div></div>
<div class="row"><div class="cell"><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('October 2023')); ?></div><div class="cell"><a href="/blog/dane/"><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Fortifying Digital Connections using DANE')); ?></a></div></div> <div class="row"><div class="cell"><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('October 2023')); ?></div><div class="cell"><a href="/blog/dane/"><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Fortifying Digital Connections using DANE')); ?></a></div></div>
<div class="row"><div class="cell"><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('October 2023')); ?></div><div class="cell"><a href="/blog/dnssec/"><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Securing the Web: Unraveling the Power of DNSSEC')); ?></a></div></div> <div class="row"><div class="cell"><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('October 2023')); ?></div><div class="cell"><a href="/blog/dnssec/"><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Securing the Web: Unraveling the Power of DNSSEC')); ?></a></div></div>

1
blog/vpn/index.php
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@ -102,6 +102,7 @@ global $language, $dir, $locale;
<li><a href="https://windscribe.com" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Windscribe VPN')); ?></a></li> <li><a href="https://windscribe.com" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Windscribe VPN')); ?></a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.ivpn.net" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('IVPN')); ?></a></li> <li><a href="https://www.ivpn.net" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('IVPN')); ?></a></li>
<li><a href="https://calyxinstitute.org/projects/digital-services/vpn" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('CalyxVPN')); ?></a></li> <li><a href="https://calyxinstitute.org/projects/digital-services/vpn" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('CalyxVPN')); ?></a></li>
<li><a href="https://one.one.one.one/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('CloudFlare WARP')); ?></a></li>
</ul> </ul>
</main> </main>
</body></html> </body></html>

400
locale/main-website.pot
View File

@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ msgid ""
msgstr "" msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n" "Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2024-01-08 17:25+0100\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2024-04-01 18:37+0200\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n" "Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n" "Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
@ -30,8 +30,10 @@ msgstr ""
#: hosting/index.php:21 privacy.php:21 chat/index.php:21 #: hosting/index.php:21 privacy.php:21 chat/index.php:21
#: blog/onion-link-list-shutdown/index.php:21 blog/ipv6/index.php:26 #: blog/onion-link-list-shutdown/index.php:21 blog/ipv6/index.php:26
#: blog/dnssec/index.php:26 blog/index.php:21 blog/vpn/index.php:26 #: blog/dnssec/index.php:26 blog/index.php:21 blog/vpn/index.php:26
#: blog/dane/index.php:26 tutorials/get-rich-fast/index.php:29 #: blog/cluster/index.php:27 blog/dane/index.php:26
#: tutorials/index.php:21 tutorials/successful-sugar-dating/index.php:28 #: blog/email-service-learnings/index.php:21
#: tutorials/get-rich-fast/index.php:29 tutorials/index.php:21
#: tutorials/successful-sugar-dating/index.php:28
#: tutorials/self-employed/index.php:25 tutorials/torify-ftp/index.php:29 #: tutorials/self-employed/index.php:25 tutorials/torify-ftp/index.php:29
#: tutorials/content-creation/index.php:27 tutorials/findom/index.php:27 #: tutorials/content-creation/index.php:27 tutorials/findom/index.php:27
msgid "An avatar representing Daniel Winzen" msgid "An avatar representing Daniel Winzen"
@ -41,7 +43,8 @@ msgstr ""
#: contact.php:24 faq.php:23 new-domain.php:26 hosting/index.php:24 #: contact.php:24 faq.php:23 new-domain.php:26 hosting/index.php:24
#: privacy.php:24 chat/index.php:24 blog/onion-link-list-shutdown/index.php:24 #: privacy.php:24 chat/index.php:24 blog/onion-link-list-shutdown/index.php:24
#: blog/ipv6/index.php:29 blog/dnssec/index.php:29 blog/index.php:24 #: blog/ipv6/index.php:29 blog/dnssec/index.php:29 blog/index.php:24
#: blog/vpn/index.php:29 blog/dane/index.php:29 #: blog/vpn/index.php:29 blog/cluster/index.php:30 blog/dane/index.php:29
#: blog/email-service-learnings/index.php:24
#: tutorials/get-rich-fast/index.php:32 tutorials/index.php:24 #: tutorials/get-rich-fast/index.php:32 tutorials/index.php:24
#: tutorials/successful-sugar-dating/index.php:31 #: tutorials/successful-sugar-dating/index.php:31
#: tutorials/self-employed/index.php:28 tutorials/torify-ftp/index.php:32 #: tutorials/self-employed/index.php:28 tutorials/torify-ftp/index.php:32
@ -459,7 +462,8 @@ msgid "If there are any further questions, %s."
msgstr "" msgstr ""
#: github-ipv6-proxy.php:102 faq.php:38 chat/index.php:32 #: github-ipv6-proxy.php:102 faq.php:38 chat/index.php:32
#: blog/ipv6/index.php:54 blog/dnssec/index.php:53 blog/dane/index.php:74 #: blog/ipv6/index.php:54 blog/dnssec/index.php:53 blog/cluster/index.php:69
#: blog/dane/index.php:74
msgid "contact me" msgid "contact me"
msgstr "" msgstr ""
@ -877,7 +881,7 @@ msgstr ""
msgid "We moved to a brand new domain - migrate your accounts" msgid "We moved to a brand new domain - migrate your accounts"
msgstr "" msgstr ""
#: new-domain.php:29 blog/index.php:37 #: new-domain.php:29 blog/index.php:39
msgid "New domain - DanWin1210.Me is now DanWin1210.De" msgid "New domain - DanWin1210.Me is now DanWin1210.De"
msgstr "" msgstr ""
@ -1244,7 +1248,7 @@ msgstr ""
msgid "9. Warrant canary" msgid "9. Warrant canary"
msgstr "" msgstr ""
#: chat/index.php:6 chat/index.php:15 chat/index.php:27 blog/index.php:36 #: chat/index.php:6 chat/index.php:15 chat/index.php:27 blog/index.php:38
msgid "Daniel's Chat shutdown" msgid "Daniel's Chat shutdown"
msgstr "" msgstr ""
@ -1292,7 +1296,7 @@ msgstr ""
#: blog/onion-link-list-shutdown/index.php:6 #: blog/onion-link-list-shutdown/index.php:6
#: blog/onion-link-list-shutdown/index.php:15 #: blog/onion-link-list-shutdown/index.php:15
#: blog/onion-link-list-shutdown/index.php:25 #: blog/onion-link-list-shutdown/index.php:25
#: blog/onion-link-list-shutdown/index.php:27 blog/index.php:35 #: blog/onion-link-list-shutdown/index.php:27 blog/index.php:37
msgid "Onion link list shutdown" msgid "Onion link list shutdown"
msgstr "" msgstr ""
@ -1334,7 +1338,7 @@ msgid "You can find an alternative link list at for example %s."
msgstr "" msgstr ""
#: blog/ipv6/index.php:6 blog/ipv6/index.php:20 blog/ipv6/index.php:30 #: blog/ipv6/index.php:6 blog/ipv6/index.php:20 blog/ipv6/index.php:30
#: blog/ipv6/index.php:32 blog/index.php:34 #: blog/ipv6/index.php:32 blog/index.php:36
msgid "Embracing IPv6: The Key to a Future-Proof Internet" msgid "Embracing IPv6: The Key to a Future-Proof Internet"
msgstr "" msgstr ""
@ -1495,11 +1499,13 @@ msgid ""
"one step at a time." "one step at a time."
msgstr "" msgstr ""
#: blog/ipv6/index.php:53 blog/dnssec/index.php:52 blog/dane/index.php:73 #: blog/ipv6/index.php:53 blog/dnssec/index.php:52 blog/cluster/index.php:68
#: blog/dane/index.php:73
msgid "Hire an expert" msgid "Hire an expert"
msgstr "" msgstr ""
#: blog/ipv6/index.php:54 blog/dnssec/index.php:53 blog/dane/index.php:74 #: blog/ipv6/index.php:54 blog/dnssec/index.php:53 blog/cluster/index.php:69
#: blog/dane/index.php:74
#, php-format #, php-format
msgid "" msgid ""
"If you're considering implementing this for your business, don't hesitate to " "If you're considering implementing this for your business, don't hesitate to "
@ -1508,7 +1514,7 @@ msgid ""
msgstr "" msgstr ""
#: blog/dnssec/index.php:6 blog/dnssec/index.php:20 blog/dnssec/index.php:30 #: blog/dnssec/index.php:6 blog/dnssec/index.php:20 blog/dnssec/index.php:30
#: blog/dnssec/index.php:32 blog/index.php:33 #: blog/dnssec/index.php:32 blog/index.php:35
msgid "Securing the Web: Unraveling the Power of DNSSEC" msgid "Securing the Web: Unraveling the Power of DNSSEC"
msgstr "" msgstr ""
@ -1672,40 +1678,60 @@ msgid "Title"
msgstr "" msgstr ""
#: blog/index.php:31 #: blog/index.php:31
msgid "April 2024"
msgstr ""
#: blog/index.php:31 blog/cluster/index.php:6 blog/cluster/index.php:21
#: blog/cluster/index.php:31 blog/cluster/index.php:33
msgid "Cluster setup"
msgstr ""
#: blog/index.php:32
msgid "January 2024"
msgstr ""
#: blog/index.php:32 blog/email-service-learnings/index.php:6
#: blog/email-service-learnings/index.php:15
#: blog/email-service-learnings/index.php:25
#: blog/email-service-learnings/index.php:27
msgid "Learnings from running an email service"
msgstr ""
#: blog/index.php:33
msgid "December 2023" msgid "December 2023"
msgstr "" msgstr ""
#: blog/index.php:31 blog/vpn/index.php:6 blog/vpn/index.php:20 #: blog/index.php:33 blog/vpn/index.php:6 blog/vpn/index.php:20
#: blog/vpn/index.php:30 blog/vpn/index.php:32 #: blog/vpn/index.php:30 blog/vpn/index.php:32
msgid "Securing your communication with a VPN" msgid "Securing your communication with a VPN"
msgstr "" msgstr ""
#: blog/index.php:32 blog/index.php:33 blog/index.php:34 #: blog/index.php:34 blog/index.php:35 blog/index.php:36
msgid "October 2023" msgid "October 2023"
msgstr "" msgstr ""
#: blog/index.php:32 blog/dane/index.php:6 blog/dane/index.php:20 #: blog/index.php:34 blog/dane/index.php:6 blog/dane/index.php:20
#: blog/dane/index.php:30 blog/dane/index.php:32 #: blog/dane/index.php:30 blog/dane/index.php:32
msgid "Fortifying Digital Connections using DANE" msgid "Fortifying Digital Connections using DANE"
msgstr "" msgstr ""
#: blog/index.php:35 #: blog/index.php:37
msgid "August 2023" msgid "August 2023"
msgstr "" msgstr ""
#: blog/index.php:36 #: blog/index.php:38
msgid "December 2022" msgid "December 2022"
msgstr "" msgstr ""
#: blog/index.php:37 #: blog/index.php:39
msgid "December 2021" msgid "December 2021"
msgstr "" msgstr ""
#: blog/index.php:38 #: blog/index.php:40
msgid "March 2020" msgid "March 2020"
msgstr "" msgstr ""
#: blog/index.php:38 #: blog/index.php:40
msgid "Hosting service shutdown due to hack" msgid "Hosting service shutdown due to hack"
msgstr "" msgstr ""
@ -2012,6 +2038,200 @@ msgstr ""
msgid "CalyxVPN" msgid "CalyxVPN"
msgstr "" msgstr ""
#: blog/vpn/index.php:105
msgid "CloudFlare WARP"
msgstr ""
#: blog/cluster/index.php:10 blog/cluster/index.php:22
msgid "Seting up a linux server cluster using Ceph and MariaDB Galera"
msgstr ""
#: blog/cluster/index.php:34
msgid ""
"A cluster is a group of servers and other resources that act as a single "
"system. Utilizing a cluster can increase data reliability, availability, and "
"scalability. In this article, we will focus on Ceph, a distributed object "
"storage and file system, and MariaDB Galera, a multi-master database "
"solution, to achieve high availability and performance. This cluster setup "
"is the basis for the website that you are currently reading."
msgstr ""
#: blog/cluster/index.php:35
msgid "Prerequisites"
msgstr ""
#: blog/cluster/index.php:36
msgid ""
"You will need a minimum of 3 servers set up running on a Linux OS. Having "
"less than 3 servers is not recommended as it can break the cluster and could "
"lead to split-brain issues."
msgstr ""
#: blog/cluster/index.php:37
msgid "Ceph"
msgstr ""
#: blog/cluster/index.php:38
msgid ""
"Ceph is a highly scalable, fault-tolerant, and highly available storage "
"system."
msgstr ""
#: blog/cluster/index.php:39
msgid "How Ceph works"
msgstr ""
#: blog/cluster/index.php:40
msgid "A Ceph Storage Cluster is based on several types of daemons:"
msgstr ""
#: blog/cluster/index.php:42
msgid ""
"Ceph OSD (Object Storage Daemon): These are the heart of Ceph because they "
"handle data storage, data replication, recovery, rebalancing, and provide "
"some monitoring statistics to Ceph monitors."
msgstr ""
#: blog/cluster/index.php:43
msgid ""
"Ceph MON (Monitor): They maintain the master copy of the cluster map. A "
"cluster usually has an odd number of monitors running (e.g., 3, 5, 7)."
msgstr ""
#: blog/cluster/index.php:44
msgid ""
"Ceph MDS (Metadata Server): These servers are optional and store metadata "
"for the Ceph File System (not block devices or objects)."
msgstr ""
#: blog/cluster/index.php:45
msgid ""
"Ceph MGR (Manager): This daemon is responsible for keeping track of runtime "
"metrics, managing the cluster's state, and providing additional interfaces "
"to external monitoring and management systems."
msgstr ""
#: blog/cluster/index.php:47
msgid ""
"All these daemons are installed on multiple servers and interact with each "
"other to form the cluster."
msgstr ""
#: blog/cluster/index.php:48
msgid "Use Cases of Ceph"
msgstr ""
#: blog/cluster/index.php:49
msgid ""
"Ceph is commonly used in clouds of all sizes and types due to its "
"versatility, massive scalability, and robust data protection."
msgstr ""
#: blog/cluster/index.php:51
msgid ""
"Object Storage: Ceph provides features such as replication and erasure "
"coding, tiering, and the ability to set up watch/notify and object-level key-"
"value mappings."
msgstr ""
#: blog/cluster/index.php:52
msgid ""
"Block Storage: Ceph's RADOS Block Device (RBD) supports snapshots, and "
"replication, and can significantly improve read performance by utilizing the "
"cache of the client and the Ceph OSD."
msgstr ""
#: blog/cluster/index.php:53
msgid ""
"File System: Ceph's file system (CephFS) ensures highly available and "
"reliable storage, where all data gets written and read in/from the object "
"store."
msgstr ""
#: blog/cluster/index.php:55
msgid "Performance optimizations"
msgstr ""
#: blog/cluster/index.php:56
msgid ""
"The following optimizations resulted in 10 times faster read times of data "
"stored on my cluster, which contains mostly websites and emails."
msgstr ""
#: blog/cluster/index.php:57
msgid "Tuning encrypted OSDs on SSDs"
msgstr ""
#: blog/cluster/index.php:58
msgid ""
"SSDs are typically faster than HDDs and have much lower latency. For "
"historical reasons, the Linux kernel uses work queues in dm-crypt, which "
"offloads encryption and disk read/write work to different threads in the "
"kernel. This makes sense for slower HDDs, but for SSDs, it can harm "
"performance due to the overhead of context switches."
msgstr ""
#: blog/cluster/index.php:59
#, php-format
msgid ""
"To disable this behaviour, we first have to find the relevant device with "
"the command %1$s. If you have an OSD running, the underlying device will "
"show up in the list printed by dmsetup. To get only the relevant UUID of the "
"ceph device, we can use %2$s. Now as a final step we can set persistent "
"options for the device using %3$s."
msgstr ""
#: blog/cluster/index.php:60
msgid "Tuning CephFS for many files in one directory"
msgstr ""
#: blog/cluster/index.php:61
#, php-format
msgid ""
"CephFS performance suffers when many files are stored in the same directory, "
"just like with every file system. Using the option %1$s it is however "
"possible to split directory indexes in multiple parts to increase "
"performance when operating in directories with many files. I have set this "
"down to a value of %2$s."
msgstr ""
#: blog/cluster/index.php:62
msgid "MariaDB Galera Cluster"
msgstr ""
#: blog/cluster/index.php:63
msgid ""
"MariaDB Galera Cluster is an open-source database system focusing on high "
"availability, failing over between servers seamlessly, and ensuring data "
"consistency between those servers. It is a multi-master cluster that uses "
"synchronous replication."
msgstr ""
#: blog/cluster/index.php:64
msgid "How Galera Works"
msgstr ""
#: blog/cluster/index.php:65
msgid ""
"In a Galera Cluster, every database instance (or \"node\") is a master, "
"meaning data can be written or read from any node, with changes "
"automatically replicated across all nodes. Using synchronous replication "
"MariaDB Galera Cluster ensures all nodes have the same data simultaneously."
msgstr ""
#: blog/cluster/index.php:66
msgid "Use Cases for MariaDB Galera Cluster"
msgstr ""
#: blog/cluster/index.php:67
msgid ""
"MariaDB Galera Cluster is best suited for applications where data "
"availability, consistency, and durability are critical across multiple "
"nodes, such as when deploying a web application with multiple database "
"servers to scale up a busy service, or when deploying a high-availability "
"database with multiple nodes."
msgstr ""
#: blog/dane/index.php:10 blog/dane/index.php:21 #: blog/dane/index.php:10 blog/dane/index.php:21
msgid "" msgid ""
"Discover the benefits of DANE for boosting online security. Learn how DANE " "Discover the benefits of DANE for boosting online security. Learn how DANE "
@ -2225,6 +2445,146 @@ msgid ""
"DANE today." "DANE today."
msgstr "" msgstr ""
#: blog/email-service-learnings/index.php:10
#: blog/email-service-learnings/index.php:16
msgid ""
"My learnings from running a free, anonymous email servcie and what to expect "
"when you run a service like mine"
msgstr ""
#: blog/email-service-learnings/index.php:28
msgid ""
"Running a public email service can be challenging and frustrating at times. "
"Nonetheless, I learned a lot from offering a free email service for the past "
"few years. Here are some of the challenges I had to face and what I learned "
"from them:"
msgstr ""
#: blog/email-service-learnings/index.php:29
msgid "Spam and countermeasures"
msgstr ""
#: blog/email-service-learnings/index.php:30
msgid ""
"Spam is one of the most common issues when dealing with email. Making an "
"email service completely spam-free is almost impossible. While many spam "
"filters can filter out the majority of spam we receive daily, they aren't "
"perfect either. The worst kind of spam is the outgoing kind because it will "
"damage the reputation of the service and can have a significant long-term "
"impact. Thus I have taken many steps to reduce the amount of spam my service "
"will send out by using rate limiting, spam filters, blacklisting of specific "
"addresses and manually shutting down sending for a couple of hours whenever "
"a spam wave starts."
msgstr ""
#: blog/email-service-learnings/index.php:31
msgid "Reputational damages"
msgstr ""
#: blog/email-service-learnings/index.php:32
#, php-format
msgid ""
"No matter how much you invest in anti-spam measures, at some point, there "
"will be spam going out. Just five spam emails a day could be enough to get "
"your service blacklisted if there aren't enough good emails to make up for "
"them. For example, %s considers 0.1%% of spam already too much. At a rate of "
"0.3%%, you can say goodbye to reaching inboxes since all your emails will "
"get marked as spam. Once your service reputation goes down, it can take "
"several months to recover."
msgstr ""
#: blog/email-service-learnings/index.php:33
msgid "Hate and death threads"
msgstr ""
#: blog/email-service-learnings/index.php:34
#, php-format
msgid ""
"Unlike some big providers, I never asked for personal details such as phone "
"numbers or payment details, and it's also possible to use my service from a "
"Tor hidden service. Unfortunately, this anonymity also attracts some people "
"who are going to abuse the email service to send hate and death threads. "
"This trend has been on the rise for the past few years, and there were times "
"when I had to deal with such threats and their aftermath almost every month. "
"That includes talking to scared victims, giving statements to the police and "
"disabling abusive accounts. One of the cases I had to deal with was about "
"violent death threads sent to %s and her employees. There were several "
"similar cases, which didn't go public. Although it is unlikely that any of "
"these threats would have been carried out, they can still have devastating "
"and traumatic effects on the people who receive them."
msgstr ""
#: blog/email-service-learnings/index.php:35
msgid "Law enforcement visits"
msgstr ""
#: blog/email-service-learnings/index.php:36
msgid ""
"Internet crimes may be hard to combat, but law enforcement is trying to "
"track down these kinds of crimes as well. That means whenever someone "
"reports an incident to the police, they will investigate and reach out to "
"the email provider to ask for information. While I don't have much data at "
"hand, given that my service is anonymous, I still get contacted by law "
"enforcement regularly, which includes being woken up in the middle of the "
"night to answer some questions, or having my home searched."
msgstr ""
#: blog/email-service-learnings/index.php:37
msgid "Time consuming tasks"
msgstr ""
#: blog/email-service-learnings/index.php:38
msgid ""
"Time is one of the most valuable assets. We all have a limited quantity of "
"it. You can't get back time you've spent on something less enjoyable. While "
"I understand that many people prefer wasting their time in front of the TV, "
"instead of doing something productive with their life, I am building my own "
"business and often have a busy schedule. That is why I no longer want to "
"spend so much time running this public email service. It can ruin my entire "
"day planning when I have to spend some hours dealing with spam before I can "
"send an urgent email myself. In mid 2023 some very persistent spammers "
"started abusing my service. I've spent countless hours deleting accounts, "
"and disabled registration for several months, but still couldn't find a "
"solution to this problem. It's now 2024 and I still see an abnormal rate of "
"abuse. Cleaning up after a spam wave can take hours and means halting "
"outgoing mail for several hours until I have time to deal with it."
msgstr ""
#: blog/email-service-learnings/index.php:39
msgid "Closing registration for good"
msgstr ""
#: blog/email-service-learnings/index.php:40
msgid ""
"While I strongly believe in freedom of speech and want to continue offering "
"the email service, it has become too much of a burden to keep this service "
"clean. I'm not earning money from it, and it's not worth continuing with the "
"amount of abuse that I have seen in recent months. I've closed registration "
"temporarily several times in the past few months, but now I will close it "
"for good. Existing accounts will continue working, and I do not intend to "
"shut down this service. I use this email service myself and depend on it. "
"That is why I also need to take these steps since I am potentially losing "
"clients whenever my emails land in spam because someone else ruined my email "
"service reputation (again)."
msgstr ""
#: blog/email-service-learnings/index.php:41
msgid "Making use of my experience"
msgstr ""
#: blog/email-service-learnings/index.php:42
#, php-format
msgid ""
"With many years of experience running email services, I can also help you "
"fix any problems you might encounter with your email service, such as "
"restoring your sending reputation, authentication issues with DKIM, SPF and "
"DMARC, or email security issues. If you are interested, you can %s. "
msgstr ""
#: blog/email-service-learnings/index.php:42
msgid "hire me"
msgstr ""
#: tutorials/get-rich-fast/index.php:10 tutorials/get-rich-fast/index.php:24 #: tutorials/get-rich-fast/index.php:10 tutorials/get-rich-fast/index.php:24
#: tutorials/index.php:32 #: tutorials/index.php:32
msgid "This tutorial will guide you to achieving financial freedom." msgid "This tutorial will guide you to achieving financial freedom."

2
tutorials/findom/index.php
View File

@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ global $language, $dir, $locale;
<h2><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('How to live in a healthy findom relationship?')); ?></h2> <h2><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('How to live in a healthy findom relationship?')); ?></h2>
<p><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Everyone is unique, so your specific needs need to be discussed with your findom partner. It is important that both of you are happy with it. While some subs and doms favour a fast one-time transaction, it is usually best for both parties, if a long-term relationship can be established. To maintain a healthy relationship, the dom needs to know a subs financial situation, including income, expenses and spending habits. This knowledge allows the dom to help the sub reduce expenses, increase income and ultimately hand over more cash to the dom, without risking serious debt problems. While it is an entertaining thought to some subs, ending up homeless is not beneficial to anyone.')); ?></p> <p><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Everyone is unique, so your specific needs need to be discussed with your findom partner. It is important that both of you are happy with it. While some subs and doms favour a fast one-time transaction, it is usually best for both parties, if a long-term relationship can be established. To maintain a healthy relationship, the dom needs to know a subs financial situation, including income, expenses and spending habits. This knowledge allows the dom to help the sub reduce expenses, increase income and ultimately hand over more cash to the dom, without risking serious debt problems. While it is an entertaining thought to some subs, ending up homeless is not beneficial to anyone.')); ?></p>
<h2><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Where do I find a findom partner?')); ?></h2> <h2><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Where do I find a findom partner?')); ?></h2>
<p><?php printf(htmlspecialchars(_('If you are curious to try this fetish out or would like to thank me, you can donate or buy me an item from my %s. For a more long-term experience, see the links below.')), '<a href="https://www.amazon.de/hz/wishlist/ls/1JDS4872IYJGW/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">'.htmlspecialchars(_('Amazon wishlist')).'</a>'); ?></p> <p><?php printf(htmlspecialchars(_('If you are curious to try this fetish out or would like to thank me, you can donate or buy me an item from my %s. For a more long-term experience, see the links below.')), '<a href="https://amzn.to/4aSXhBj" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">'.htmlspecialchars(_('Amazon wishlist')).'</a>'); ?></p>
<p><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Popular dating sites used for findom:')); ?></p> <p><?php echo htmlspecialchars(_('Popular dating sites used for findom:')); ?></p>
<ul> <ul>
<li><a href="https://www.rpf00trk.com/42BSGDP/6JHXF/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Seeking</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.rpf00trk.com/42BSGDP/6JHXF/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Seeking</a></li>